Beskytter moderat alkoholforbruk mot hjerte-karsykdom?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v6i1.335Abstract
SAMMENDRAG
Tre store utenlandske oppfølgingsstudier fra 1994-95 har funnet en U-formet sammenheng mellom selvrapportert
alkoholinntak og dødelighet av hjerte-karsykdom. For menn er det vist at tre alkoholenheter
(drinker) pr. dag og for kvinner én til to, kan redusere risikoen med opptil 50%. Det synes videre som om
effekten er størst hos eldre personer (over 50 år), og de med minst én viktig koronar risikofaktor. En ny
oversiktsartikkel konkluderer med at den gunstige effekten er knyttet til alkoholinnholdet og ikke til andre
komponenter for de ulike alkoholtypene. Det er presentert norske spørreskjema fra 1977 og fram til i dag
vedrørende alkohol. Disse er av svært ujevn kvalitet, bl.a. uten spørsmål om mengde alkohol eller type, og
spørsmålene har variert over tid og fra fylke til fylke. Tverrsnittsdata fra Oppland (1986-88) for menn og
kvinner 40-54 år viser en positiv sammenheng mellom alkoholinntak og HDL-kolesterol for begge kjønn og
for systolisk blodtrykk for menn, sterkest for drikkere av brennevin og øl. For kvinner er det en U-formet
sammenheng mellom drikkere av vin og øl og systolisk blodtrykk. Resultater fra en dødelighetsoppfølging
(hjerte-kardød) viser en forhøyet risiko for menn som har drukket øl siste uke og en gunstigere risiko for de
som har drukket vin/brennevin siste uke i forhold til de som ikke har svart på alkoholspørsmålene.
Stensvold I.
Does moderate alcohol consumption protect against cardiovascular disease?
Nor J Epidemiol
ENGLISH SUMMARY
Three large prospective population studies from 1994-95 have shown a U-shaped relationship between
alcohol intake and mortality from cardiovascular disease. For men it was shown that three units a day and for
women one to two units can reduce mortality risk with 50%. The effect was stronger in older people (above
50 years) and those at greater risk for coronary heart disease. The conclusion, in a recent review, was that the
benefit is from alcohol rather than from other components of each type of drink. Norwegian questionnaires
from 1977 to 1995 on alcohol are commented upon. The quality of these questions varies; many do not
account for the amount of intake or the type of alcohol, and they have not been identical from screening to
screening and between counties. Cross-sectional results from Oppland (1986-88) for men and women aged
40-54 years, indicated a positive relation between alcohol intake and HDL-cholesterol for both sexes, for
systolic blood pressure in men, strongest for consumers of spirits and beer. A U-shaped association between
intake of wine and beer with systolic blood pressure was seen in women. A follow-up study with cardiovascular
death as endpoint indicated a higher risk for men drinking beer during the last week, and a lower risk for
those drinking wine/spirits, compared with men not answering the questions about alcohol intake.
1996; 6 (1): 69-71.Downloads
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