Plants are assumed to migrate and vegetation to change during environmental change. Large scale vegetation changes require spread of seeds with good colonization capacity. I study seeds and their germination requirements both in lab and in the field and I follow the resulting seedlings and their development under different climates. I am in particular interested in the invasiveness of different plant functional types and in invasibility of different community types. I am also interested in the importance of phenotypic plasticity and genotypic diversity for persistence capacity of plants and communities. The results of my studies are evaluated in a climate change context. I right now work with arctic and alpine plants as well as temperate forest herb species. See ongoing projects.